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杨怀洁, 杨虹, 鲜文滢, 李艳, 王涛. 孕产妇睡眠质量及产后睡眠的影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2021, 25(2): 176-179, 239. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.02.011
引用本文: 杨怀洁, 杨虹, 鲜文滢, 李艳, 王涛. 孕产妇睡眠质量及产后睡眠的影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2021, 25(2): 176-179, 239. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.02.011
YANG Huai-jie, YANG Hong, XIAN Wen-ying, LI Yan, WANG Tao. Study on the sleep quality of perinatal women and the influencing factors of postpartum sleep[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2021, 25(2): 176-179, 239. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.02.011
Citation: YANG Huai-jie, YANG Hong, XIAN Wen-ying, LI Yan, WANG Tao. Study on the sleep quality of perinatal women and the influencing factors of postpartum sleep[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2021, 25(2): 176-179, 239. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.02.011
杨怀洁, 杨虹, 鲜文滢, 李艳, 王涛. 孕产妇睡眠质量及产后睡眠的影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2021, 25(2): 176-179, 239. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.02.011
引用本文: 杨怀洁, 杨虹, 鲜文滢, 李艳, 王涛. 孕产妇睡眠质量及产后睡眠的影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2021, 25(2): 176-179, 239. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.02.011
YANG Huai-jie, YANG Hong, XIAN Wen-ying, LI Yan, WANG Tao. Study on the sleep quality of perinatal women and the influencing factors of postpartum sleep[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2021, 25(2): 176-179, 239. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.02.011
Citation: YANG Huai-jie, YANG Hong, XIAN Wen-ying, LI Yan, WANG Tao. Study on the sleep quality of perinatal women and the influencing factors of postpartum sleep[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2021, 25(2): 176-179, 239. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.02.011
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孕产妇睡眠质量及产后睡眠的影响因素 doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.02.011
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443000 宜昌，惠城开荒保洁13825404095三峡大学人民医院
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443300 宜都，湖北省宜都市妇幼保健院妇产科
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金青年基金 81701484
湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究项目 20Y026
详细信息出版历程
收稿日期: 2020-03-02
修回日期: 2020-05-24
刊出日期: 2021-02-10
Study on the sleep quality of perinatal women and the influencing factors of postpartum sleep
1.
The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, China
2.
Yidu Municipal Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Yidu 443300, China
Funds:
Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China 81701484
The Program of Philosophy and Social Science of Hubei Provincial Department of Education 20Y026
More Information
Abstract: Objective To survey the sleep quality of perinatal women, and to explore the influence factors for postpartum sleep quality so as to provide basis for the formulation of intervention measures. Methods The research was conducted from April 2018 to July 2019. A repeated questionnaire method was used. The first survey was completed during the pregnancy check-up, and a questionnaire survey again 3-7 days after delivery was conducted. Pittsburgh sleep quality index was used to measure the sleep quality of the participants. At the same time, the general information, obstetric data, depression during pregnancy and pregnancy, and confidence in breastfeeding were collected. The predictors of postpartum sleep quality were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results A total of 367 pregnant women completed questionnaire twice. Subjective sleep quality, sleep latency and sleep disorders were three aspects of poor maternal sleep quality. The proportion of sleep disorder in pregnant women was 26.5%, and 23.7% in maternal women. Postpartum sleep quality was moderately related to sleep quality during pregnancy. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing sleep quality of postpartum women included sleep quality during pregnancy, postpartum depression, and maternal breastfeeding efficacy. These factors explained 34.5% of the total variance of postpartum sleep quality. Conclusions The incidence of sleep disorders in perinatal women is high. It is recommended to carry out health education and guidance to promote sleep from pregnancy. Reducing postpartum depression and improving breastfeeding efficiency can improve maternal sleep quality.
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表 1 调查对象基本特征及产后PSQI比较(n=367) [n (%)]
Table 1. Basic characteristics and comparison between different group of PSQI (n=367) [n (%)]
变量
n (%)
产后PSQI(分)
χ2值
P值
睡眠好(≤7)
睡眠差(＞7)
年龄(岁)
4.622
0.328
＜21
7(1.9)
5(1.8)
2(2.3)
21~
87(23.7)
65(23.2)
22(25.3)
26~
190(51.8)
144(51.4)
46(52.9)
31~
69(18.8)
52(18.6)
17(19.5)
≥35
14(3.8)
14(5.0)
0(0.0)
民族
3.862
0.049
汉族
332(90.5)
258(92.1)
74(85.1)
少数民族
35(9.5)
22(7.9)
13(14.9)
文化程度
0.453
0.929
初中及以下
59(16.1)
46(16.4)
13(14.9)
高中或中专
177(48.2)
133(47.5)
44(50.6)
大学
128(34.9)
99(35.4)
29(33.3)
硕士及以上
3(0.8)
2(0.7)
1(1.1)
居住区域
1.329
0.249
城市
111(30.2)
89(31.8)
22(25.3)
农村
256(69.8)
191(68.2)
65(74.7)
居住方式
1.085
0.781
夫妻单独居住
142(38.7)
108(38.6)
34(39.1)
与公婆同住
122(33.2)
95(33.9)
27(31.0)
与自己父母同住
95(25.9)
70(25.0)
25(28.7)
其他方式
8(2.2)
7(2.5)
1(1.1)
家庭月收入(元)
5.532
0.137
＜2 000
17(4.6)
12(4.3)
5(5.7)
2 000~
180(49.0)
129(46.1)
51(58.6)
5 000~
143(39.0)
118(42.1)
25(28.7)
≥10 000
27(7.4)
21(7.5)
6(6.9)
计划妊娠
4.003
0.045
否
104(28.3)
72(25.7)
32(36.8)
是
263(71.7)
208(74.3)
55(63.2)
妊娠并发症或合并症
3.008
0.083
无
350(95.4)
270(96.4)
80(92.0)
有
17(4.6)
10(3.6)
7(8.0)
分娩方式
2.327
0.312
自然分娩
182(49.6)
145(51.8)
37(42.5)
剖宫产
175(47.7)
128(45.7)
47(54.0)
阴道助产
10(2.7)
7(2.5)
3(3.4)
新生儿出生后是否转科
4.952
0.026
是
97(26.4)
82(29.3)
15(17.2)
否
270(73.6)
198(70.7)
72(82.8)
是否母乳喂养
3.126
0.077
是
359(97.8)
276(98.6)
83(95.4)
否
8(2.2)
4(1.4)
4(4.6)
表 2 女性孕期及产后PSQI各因子得分情况(n=367) [n (%)]
Table 2. Scores of PSQI factors during pregnancy and postpartum (n=367) [n (%)]
PSQI量表因子
0分
1分
2分
3分
各因子平均得分(x±s)
孕期
主观睡眠质量
32(8.7)
250(68.1)
73(19.9)
12(3.3)
1.18±0.62
睡眠潜伏期
40(10.9)
119(32.4)
130(35.4)
78(21.3)
1.67±0.93
睡眠时间
328(89.4)
21(5.7)
14(3.8)
4(1.1)
0.17±0.53
睡眠效率
173(47.1)
102(27.8)
50(13.6)
42(11.4)
0.89±1.03
睡眠紊乱
3(0.8)
164(44.7)
190(51.8)
10(2.7)
1.56±0.56
使用睡眠药物
360(98.1)
5(1.4)
0(0.0)
2(0.5)
0.03±0.25
日间功能紊乱
223(60.8)
140(38.1)
4(1.1)
0(0.0)
0.40±0.51
产后
主观睡眠质量
64(17.4)
222(60.5)
69(18.8)
12(3.3)
1.08±0.70
睡眠潜伏期
47(12.8)
146(39.8)
110(30.0)
64(17.4)
1.52±0.93
睡眠时间
295(80.4)
52(14.2)
10(2.7)
10(2.7)
0.28±0.65
睡眠效率
201(54.8)
77(21.0)
48(13.1)
41(11.2)
0.84±1.05
睡眠紊乱
13(3.5)
180(49.0)
160(43.6)
14(3.8)
1.48±0.63
使用睡眠药物
356(97.0)
4(1.1)
4(1.1)
3(0.8)
0.06±0.35
日间功能紊乱
219(59.7)
131(35.7)
17(4.6)
0(0.0)
0.45±0.58
表 3 产后睡眠质量的相关性分析
Table 3. Correlation analysis of postpartum sleep quality
变量
孕期焦虑抑郁
孕期睡眠
产后抑郁
产妇母乳喂养效能
产后睡眠质量
Pearson相关系数
0.258a
0.543a
0.384a
-0.225a
P值
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
注：a表示在0.01级别(双尾)，相关性检验结果有意义。
表 4 产后睡眠影响因素的多元线性回归分析
Table 4. Multiple linear regression analysis of influencing factors of postpartum sleep
变量
未标准化β值
sx值
标准化β值
t值
P值
常量
3.304
0.767
4.309
< 0.001
孕期睡眠
0.528
0.052
0.466
10.242
< 0.001
产后抑郁
0.120
0.032
0.184
3.812
< 0.001
产妇母乳喂养效能
-0.030
0.012
-0.114
-2.522
0.012
注：因变量为产后睡眠，预测变量：孕期睡眠，产后抑郁，产时母乳喂养效能；模型排除了孕期焦虑抑郁、民族、计划妊娠、新生儿出生后转科4个因素。
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